Modelling effects of regeneration method on the growth and profitability of Scots pine stands

Despite numerous studies there are still uncertainties regarding regeneration strategies that optimal for productivity and profitability. Thus the aim of this study was to establish effects three methods (planting, direct seeding natural regeneration) on production profitability Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands in southern Sweden. Long-term stand development simulated, with StandWise application Heureka decision support system, starting from short-term outcomes observed several field experiments at sites relatively high (H100 site indices, i.e. heights dominant pines 100 years: 27–30 m). Financial results each approach were assessed terms Land Expectation Value (LEV) Mean Annual Increment (MAI), respectively, across a whole rotation. Planting clear-cuts 1600–3265 seedlings per hectare resulted highest production, whereas high-density planting (10,000 hectare) negative LEV. However, sensitivity analysis showed depended interest rate. Retention seed-trees incurred additional costs relative single-operation clear felling. In contrast, retention shelter-trees had good financial (at 0% 2.5% rate), although they index average tree size.